G08: Sciences Physics - Energy: Solar

All life on Earth depends on energy from the Sun. Solar energy is the source of energy for photosynthesis. It provides the warmth necessary for plants and animals to survive. The heat from the Sun causes water on the Earth’s surface to evaporate and form clouds that eventually provide fresh rainwater.

Solar energy is created by nuclear fusion that takes place in the sun. It is necessary for life on Earth, and can be harvested for human uses such as electricity.

Solar energy is technically any form of electromagnetic radiation that is emitted by the Sun, but in practical terms it refers to the transformation of solar insolation (also termed solar radiation) into electricity.

Worldwide growth of photovoltaics is extremely dynamic and varies strongly by country. By the end of 2019, a cumulative amount of 629 GW of solar power was installed throughout the world.[2] By early 2020, the leading country for solar power was China with 208 GW,[3][4] accounting for one-third of global installed solar capacity. As of 2020, there are at least 37 countries around the world with a cumulative PV capacity of more than one gigawatt.